Mesothelioma Cancer Stages Explained

mesothelioma cancer is a type of cancer that attacks the lungs and chest cavity. Also known as asbestos lung cancer, it seems deadly tumors where mesothelial cancer cells form the protective lining of the lungs, heart and abdominal organs. This is the type of lung cancer that takes many years to develop and produce symptoms. About 3,000 cases per year (mostly men over the age of 40) were reported. It is estimated that number will grow to about 300,000 cases before the 2030th

Types of mesothelioma asbestos cancer

Epithelial mesothelioma is a rare and deadly form of cancer affecting the membrane lining of the chest, heart, lungs and abdominal cavity. There are three forms of epithelial mesothelioma:. The most common is pleural mesothelioma, the second most common, peritoneal mesothelioma (makes only a quarter of cases), and the rarest form, pericardial mesothelioma

pleural mesothelioma , the most common type of this disease involves the pleura, a thin membrane located between the lungs and chest koša.Pleura provide a lubricated surface so that the lungs do not rub and chafe against the chest wall . There are two types of pleural mesothelioma first was "diffuse and malignant." This guy is a human carcinogen and is generally fatal within a year of dijagnoze.Drugi type is' localized and benign "and generally non-life threatening. This can usually be removed through surgery.

lining of the lung cancer should not be confused with lung cancer. The lining of the lung cancer, made ​​the area of the body is called the mesothelium, a thin membrane that covers many internal organs tijelu.Mesothelium in the lungs called the pleura. Lining of the lung cancer is also sometimes called mesothelioma after area in which it occurs.

This thin membrane is composed of two layers - one that surrounds the body, and another that forms the outer layer around the first layer. Between the layers of the mesothelium is a fluid that allows vital organs to glide easily against objects that come into contact with them.

Localized pleural mesothelioma is not always caused by asbestos exposure. However, if it has spread to other parts of the body, such as lymph nodes, lungs, chest wall, or abdominal organs, it is considered malignant and more often than not the result of exposure to asbestos.

Peritoneal mesothelioma appears as a tumor in the peritoneum membrane of the abdomen. This type of mesothelioma is very rare, covering less than a quarter of all known cases of the disease. There are no effective treatments for this condition, and most patients live less than a year after diagnosis.

mesentery cancer is compared with peritoneal cancer (mesothelioma). This cancer primarily affects the parts of the peritoneum that attach different organs on the wall of the abdominal cavity (ie mesogastrium the stomach, mesojejunum the jejunum). Mesentery cancer includes all abdominal peritoneal extensions. Tumors rarely originate from the actual mesentery, although it is a common way for the spread of mesothelioma through the abdominal cavity.

Pericardial mesothelioma is the rarest form of mesothelioma, affecting the membrane around the heart (called pericardium or pericardial sac). In this disease, a solid mass and effusion (fluid) to develop around the pericardium. Not all spills are strictly associated with mesothelioma.

causes

mesothelioma cancer caused by exposure to asbestos fibers or dust. Workers in the asbestos industry are the target of attracting these deadly diseases. Asbestos fibers enter the body, or breathing in tiny asbestos fibers or gutanja.Vlakna cause healthy cells to mutate into cancer. Because the body can not dispel these fibers, the lungs become inflamed (asbestosis). This condition is deteriorating and eventually become malignant. Exposure to asbestos is thought to be responsible for about 75% of all lung cancer cases lining.

symptoms

Mesothelioma is very difficult to detect cancer at an early fazi.Rani symptoms tend to be general, or even nonexistent in some cases, it can take as much as 15-50 years after exposure razvijati.Prvi symptom is usually a constant pain in the chest, followed by coughing, lung damage, and shortness of breath. Patients who have peritoneal mesothelioma (less common form of mesothelioma) generally experience abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, pain and swelling, often with symptoms of pleural mesothelioma. They can also develop a bowel obstruction or further breathing obstruction.

Stages and diagnosis of mesothelioma

There are three staging systems used to determine treatment for mesothelioma: Butchart System, TNM system, a Brigham System

Butchart staging system

Butchart System is the oldest and most common system. This system is aimed at determining the extent of primary tumor mass and divides mesothelioma into four stages.

Phase I Butchart system consists of the presence of mesothelioma in the lining of the right or left lung and may also involve the diaphragm on the same side. Phase II includes the progression of mesothelioma in the chest, esophagus, or lung lining on bother sides. May be there is also the lymph nodes in prsima.Napad Phase III begins when mesothelioma surpasses the diaphragm into the lining of the abdominal cavity or peritoneum. At this stage, cancer can also affect the lymph nodes extending beyond those in the chest. Doctors identify IV, the final stage, when the evidence of the spread of cancer to other organs (metastasis) is confirmed.

TNM system

Phase I includes TNM system of the lining of the right or left lung, pericardium, or diaphragm on the same side. At this stage, lymph nodes are involved. Phase II begins when mesothelioma spreads from the lining of the lung on one side of the lymph node on the same side. At this stage, the cancer can spread to the lung, pericardium, or diaphragm on the same side. Phase III begins when mesothelioma is present in the chest wall, muscle, ribs, heart, esophagus or other organs in the chest on the same side as the primary tumor. In the final stage, IV, mesothelioma has traveled to the lymph nodes in the chest on the opposite side of the primary tumor in the lung opposite the primary tumor, or directly to the organs in the abdominal cavity or neck. Metastasis is the final result at this stage.

Brigham System

Brigham system determines resectability (the ability to surgically remove) the mass of mesothelioma. In stage I tumors resectable, and lymph nodes remains unchanged. In Phase II of the tumor remains respectable, but mesothelioma affects the lymph nodes. In Stage III tumor becomes unresectable. It has penetrated through the diaphragm, or peritoneum. Phase III may occur with or without lymph involvement and extends to the chest and heart. Phase IV occurs when doctors discover metastatic disease involving distant organs.

Once doctors determine the stage of malignant mesothelioma patient, the patient and physician to consider various treatment options available. Mesothelioma treatment programs are associated with many factors, including cancer stage, location of cancer, mesothelioma cancer from spreading, the characteristics of cancer cells under a microscope and the patient's age and care.